a. True
b. False

2.   According to Arthur Vinik, entrapment lower extremity diabetic neuropathy which will respond to nerve release surgery should be distinguished from:

a. placebo/gradual improvement over time responses typical of persons with diabetes
b. large fiber, small fiber, and autonomic neuropathies primarily metabolic in etiology
c. Morton’s neuroma
d. All of the above

 

3.  Among persons with type 1 diabetes and peripheral neuropathy, comparing those with pain and those without pain, microalbuminuria is:

a. More likely to be present in those with pain.
b. Less likely to be present in those without pain
c. Equally likely to be present in both groups.

 

4. Among persons with type 1 diabetes, reduction in vibration sensation is more likely in those with all of the following characteristics EXCEPT:

a. Male
b. Female
c. Hypertension
d. Tobacco use

 

5. Diabetic retinopathy appears to be associated with increased vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) expression. Diabetic neuropathy is associated with epidermal VEGF levels that are:

a. increased
b. decreased
c. similar to those in control groups

 

6. Experimental approaches which have been found effective in treatment of animal models of diabetic neuropathy include:

a. Use of metformin as an inhibitor of advanced glycation endproduct formation
b. Administration of aldose reductase inhibitors
c. Administration of an extract of Russian Tarragon
d. Administration of COX-2 inhibitors
e. Administration of C-peptide
f.  All of the above

 

7.  Evidence of association of diabetes with central as well as peripheral nervous system dysfunction is based on all of the following EXCEPT:

a. Reduced cortical neuronal density on animal studies
b. White matter lesions in MRI population studies of diabetic patients.
c. Reduced cognitive function on psychological testing in man
d. Evidence of increased prevalence of Parkinson’s disease.
e. Evidence of increased prevalence of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.
f. Evidence of increased prevalence of Alzheimer’s disease.

 

8. The likelihood of peripheral arterial disease among persons with diabetes is increased approximately:

a. 2-8 times more likely
b. 12-15 times more likely
c. 50-75%

9.  Most persons with peripheral arterial disease have:

a. claudication
b. difficulty walking
c. lower extremity ulceration
d. no symptoms

 

10.  Medical treatment approaches for peripheral arterial disease include:

a. statins
b. ACE inhibitors
c. Aspirin
d. Clopidogrel
e. Cilostazol
f. All of the above